Fix Use-After-Free Vulnerability in btrfs

CVE-2022-48733

What is CVE-2022-48733?

A vulnerability in the Linux kernel's btrfs module exists where improper handling of pending snapshots during snapshot creation can lead to a use-after-free condition. When creating a snapshot, the system initializes a pending snapshot structure and links it to the transaction's list. If an error occurs during the commit process, the pending snapshot is freed without removing it from the transaction's list. This oversight may allow another task to attempt to access the now-freed snapshot during transaction commit, potentially leading to crashes or exploitation. The solution involves restructuring how pending snapshots are managed within the transaction to ensure they are only linked when error conditions following creation can be safely handled.

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