Use-After-Free Vulnerability in libxml2 Affects GNOME Products

CVE-2024-56171

What is CVE-2024-56171?

CVE-2024-56171 is a serious vulnerability identified within the libxml2 library, a widely used software library for parsing XML data, primarily utilized in GNOME products. This vulnerability manifests as a "use-after-free" error in specific functions responsible for handling XML schema validation. If exploited, it can allow malicious actors to manipulate XML documents in a way that compromises system integrity and security, potentially leading to unauthorized access or execution of arbitrary code. The widespread use of libxml2 in applications that rely on XML processing heightens the risk, potentially endangering numerous organizations employing these tools.

Technical Details

The vulnerability resides in the libxml2 library versions prior to 2.12.10 and 2.13.x before 2.13.6. It specifically affects the xmlSchemaIDCFillNodeTables and xmlSchemaBubbleIDCNodeTables functions within the xmlschemas.c file. The flaw arises from improper memory management, which could be exploited by crafting specific XML documents or schemas that violate identity constraints. Such crafted documents, when validated by an affected version of libxml2, may cause the program to access freed memory areas, leading to undefined behavior.

Potential Impact of CVE-2024-56171

1. Remote Code Execution: Exploiting this vulnerability may allow attackers to execute arbitrary code on the affected system. This could result in complete control over the system, enabling further infiltration into the network.

2. Data Integrity Compromise: By manipulating XML processing, attackers could alter, corrupt, or delete sensitive data, which can disrupt business operations and lead to significant data loss or breaches.

3. Widespread Vulnerability Effects: Given the extensive use of libxml2 in various applications, this flaw could impact numerous systems and platforms, making it a critical concern for organizations relying on GNOME-based solutions or any software that utilizes this library for XML handling.

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