Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in GNU C Library Affecting Multiple Versions

CVE-2025-0395

What is CVE-2025-0395?

CVE-2025-0395 is a buffer overflow vulnerability found in the GNU C Library (glibc), which is an essential component for applications written in C and C++. This library plays a crucial role in providing system calls and basic functions to software applications. The vulnerability arises when the assert() function fails and does not allocate sufficient memory for the error message, potentially leading to a buffer overflow. Such overflow can compromise the integrity of applications relying on glibc, posing significant risks to organizations that utilize this library in their software environments.

Technical Details

The vulnerability specifically affects GNU C Library versions 2.13 to 2.40. When the assertion fails, the system attempts to allocate space for the error message string and associated size data. However, if the size of the message string aligns with the system’s page size, this inadequacy in memory allocation triggers a buffer overflow. This type of vulnerability allows for the overwriting of adjacent memory spaces, which can subsequently lead to unpredictable behavior of applications or allow unauthorized control.

Potential Impact of CVE-2025-0395

1. Application Instability: The buffer overflow can lead to unpredictable behavior in applications that rely on glibc, increasing the risk of crashes, data corruption, and loss of service for organizations, ultimately affecting business operations and user experience.

2. Security Breaches: Exploiting this vulnerability could give attackers the ability to execute arbitrary code within the context of the affected application. This can create opportunities for unauthorized access, data exfiltration, and further exploitation of the organizational network.

3. Increased Attack Surface: As glibc is prevalent in many systems, the presence of this vulnerability heightens the overall attack surface of affected environments, making them more attractive targets for cybercriminals and possibly leading to widespread exploitation across different organizations.

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