Bluetooth Low Energy Vulnerability in Zephyr's Stack

CVE-2025-10456

What is CVE-2025-10456?

CVE-2025-10456 is a vulnerability found in the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) stack of the Zephyr Real-Time Operating System (RTOS). This stack is commonly used in various IoT devices to facilitate low-power wireless communication. The vulnerability arises from improper handling of fixed channel disconnection requests, which contradicts established Bluetooth specifications. An attacker can exploit this flaw to induce undefined behavior in the targeted device, potentially leading to critical issues such as system crashes or memory corruption. Such disruptions can severely compromise the functionality of devices relying on the Zephyr stack and can impact organizations by affecting device reliability, compromising operational continuity, and increasing overall security risks.

Potential Impact of CVE-2025-10456

1. Device Instability: Exploitation of this vulnerability may cause devices to crash or behave unpredictably, leading to operational disruptions. This is particularly detrimental in environments where reliable device performance is essential.

2. Data Security Risks: The undefined behavior resulting from exploiting this flaw could lead to memory corruption, potentially enabling attackers to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data stored on affected devices.

3. Increased Attack Surface: As numerous IoT devices use the Zephyr stack, the widespread nature of this vulnerability increases the risk of mass exploitation, prompting a surge in potential attack vectors that malicious actors could exploit for further nefarious purposes.

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