Buffer State Inconsistency in Linux Kernel nilfs2 Filesystem

CVE-2025-21722

What is CVE-2025-21722?

The nilfs2 filesystem in the Linux kernel has a vulnerability that can cause inconsistencies in buffer head states during filesystem corruption scenarios. Specifically, if nilfs2 detects corruption and falls back to read-only mode, it may improperly handle dirty buffer states. This leads to potential use-after-free conditions due to the forcible clearing of various buffer states at unexpected times. These inconsistencies can affect both data and metadata operations, making it essential to implement proper checks before state modifications to ensure buffer integrity.

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