Integer Overflow Vulnerability in Sqlite 3.49.0

CVE-2025-29087

What is CVE-2025-29087?

CVE-2025-29087 is a vulnerability identified in SQLite, specifically in versions ranging from 3.44.0 to 3.49.0, affecting the concat_ws() SQL function. SQLite serves as a widely used database engine due to its lightweight and reliable structure, utilized by numerous applications for data storage and management. This integer overflow vulnerability arises when an attacker manipulates the separator argument in this function, potentially leading to insufficient memory allocation. The failure to securely handle memory can expose an organization to various security risks that might significantly disrupt operations.

Technical Details

The vulnerability stems from an integer overflow that occurs during the calculation of the buffer size required for the result of the concat_ws() function. When the separator argument is controlled by an attacker and encompasses a substantial string (such as 2MB or more), this overflow can result in writing memory beyond the allocated buffer space. The vulnerability affects versions of SQLite from 3.44.0 through 3.49.0, with the fix implemented in version 3.49.1.

Potential Impact of CVE-2025-29087

1. Memory Corruption: The integer overflow can lead to memory corruption, which may allow attackers to manipulate program execution by overwriting critical data structures. This corruption can destabilize the database environment, leading to application crashes or unexpected behavior.

2. Data Integrity Risks: The memory allocation issues could result in improper data handling, possibly leading to data loss or corruption. Organizations relying on SQLite for data integrity may find their databases at risk, affecting overall operational reliability.

3. Increased Attack Surface: Since SQLite is embedded in countless applications, this vulnerability increases the attack surface. If exploited, attackers could leverage it as a means of escalating privileges or executing arbitrary code within applications that use SQLite, amplifying the risk of broader system compromises.

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