Authentication Bypass Vulnerability in xml-crypto Library for Node.js

CVE-2025-29774

What is CVE-2025-29774?

CVE-2025-29774 is a critical vulnerability found in the xml-crypto library used within Node.js applications, which serves the purpose of handling XML digital signatures and encryption. The flaw allows attackers to bypass authentication and authorization mechanisms in systems that utilize this library for verifying signed XML documents. This vulnerability can have severe consequences, enabling attackers to modify valid signed XML messages without detection, potentially leading to privilege escalation or impersonation attacks. Organizations that depend on xml-crypto for secure XML transactions are at increased risk if they fail to address this vulnerability.

Technical Details

The vulnerability specifically affects versions of the xml-crypto library prior to 6.0.1, 3.2.1, and 2.1.6. Attackers can exploit it to alter critical attributes within signed XML messages in such a way that the modified messages still pass signature verification checks. This can allow an attacker, who may have gained access through a valid account, to elevate their privileges or impersonate another user within the system. Users of affected versions are encouraged to upgrade to the patched releases to mitigate this risk.

Potential impact of CVE-2025-29774

1. Privilege Escalation: Attackers can exploit this vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to higher-level privileges, granting them control over sensitive operations and data.

2. Impersonation Risks: The ability to modify signed XML documents can facilitate impersonation attacks, allowing attackers to pose as trusted users and conduct malicious activities without detection.

3. Compromise of Data Integrity: As attackers can alter messages undetected, the integrity of data processed by systems relying on xml-crypto is at risk, leading to potential data breaches and loss of trust in affected applications.

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