Use-After-Free Vulnerability in Firefox and Thunderbird Products

CVE-2025-3028

What is CVE-2025-3028?

CVE-2025-3028 is a use-after-free vulnerability that affects Mozilla's Firefox and Thunderbird products, versions prior to the specified thresholds. These applications serve as web browsers and email clients respectively, widely utilized for personal and organizational communication. The vulnerability occurs due to JavaScript code running during the transformation of a document with the XSLTProcessor, which could lead to serious operational disruptions for organizations relying on these tools. If exploited, this flaw could allow attackers to manipulate memory, potentially resulting in arbitrary code execution or influencing the application's behavior in harmful ways.

Technical Details

The vulnerability leverages a flaw within the memory management process of Firefox and Thunderbird, specifically during document transformation tasks. By exploiting the use-after-free condition, an attacker can disrupt the allocated memory incorrectly, leading to unauthorized access to sensitive data or the execution of malicious code. This vulnerability affects specific versions of Firefox and Thunderbird, including Firefox versions below 137 and Thunderbird versions below 137, among other ESR (Extended Support Release) versions.

Potential impact of CVE-2025-3028

1. Arbitrary Code Execution: The vulnerability could enable attackers to execute arbitrary code on a system, which may lead to unauthorized access and control over user systems.

2. Data Breach Potential: With the ability to manipulate application behavior, sensitive information, including emails or web data, could be exposed to unauthorized parties.

3. Operational Disruption: Exploitation of this vulnerability may result in application crashes or disruptions in service, impairing productivity and affecting user trust in the software.

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