OS Command Injection in Horde Virtual File System VFS API

CVE-2026-60102

What is CVE-2026-60102?

CVE-2026-60102 is a significant vulnerability affecting the Horde Virtual File System (VFS) API prior to version 3.0.1. The vulnerability arises from an OS command injection flaw in the Horde_Vfs_Smb driver. This security issue stems from the failure of the _escapeShellCommand() method to properly sanitize command substitution sequences. As a result, authenticated attackers can exploit this flaw by injecting arbitrary shell commands through filenames that they control. This attack can occur via various operations such as file uploads, folder creations, and renaming or deleting files. When these malicious filenames are processed, the server executes the injected commands in a double-quoted shell context using proc_open() with /bin/sh -c, leading to potentially devastating command execution on the underlying system.

The implications of this vulnerability can be severe for organizations that rely on the Horde VFS API, as successful exploitation allows attackers to gain unauthorized access to systems, leading to data manipulation, loss of integrity, or full compromise of the affected environments.

Potential impact of CVE-2026-60102

1. Arbitrary Command Execution: Exploitation of this vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary shell commands on the server. This can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, installation of malware, or complete takeover of the affected server.

2. Data Integrity Risks: Attackers could manipulate, delete, or alter data stored on the system, potentially causing significant operational disruption and resulting in the loss of critical business information.

3. Chain Exploitation Potential: Successful exploitation may enable threat actors to leverage the compromised system as a pivot point for further attacks within the organization’s network, increasing the overall risk to the organization’s cybersecurity posture.

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